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DBA - Local Virtual Machine

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DBA - Local Virtual Machine

Oracle VM VirtualBox

Website:
- https://www.virtualbox.org/

OS: Oracle Linux 7.6

Website:
- https://edelivery.oracle.com/osdc/faces/Home.jspx
Version:
- Oracle Linux 7.6.0.0.0
- x86 64 bit
File:
- Oracle Linux Release 7 Update 6 for x86 (64 bit), 4.3 GB
- V980739-01.iso

# root pwd: oracle01vm
# admin user: sfong
#     pwd: S!3

Enable clipboard

# switch root account
su root
# input password

# overwrite configure file
vi /etc/selinux/config

# locate the line:
#   SELINUX=enforcing
# Overwrite into:
#   SELINUX=disable
# command to save and quit editor: :wq

# reboot vm after configure
reboot

Insert Guest Additions CD image…
Reboot
Test Clipboard

Shared Folder

Virtual Box > Settings > Shared Folders > Add new shared folder.

# switch root
su root

# add admin into vboxsf group
usermod -a -G vboxsf user_name

# reboot vm
reboot

Map Local

Edit hosts files

# switch to root
su root

# get host name
hostname    # test.com

# get ip address
ifconfig    # 192.168.0.42

# add new line to host file
#   <IP-address>  <fully-qualified-machine-name>  <machine-name>
vi /etc/hosts
# 192.168.0.42  test.com test

# test mapping
ping test

Download Oracle Database

Oracle Database 19c for Linux x86-64
- zip file version

Prerequisites

install package for 19c

ref:
- https://oracle-base.com/articles/19c/oracle-db-19c-installation-on-oracle-linux-9#oracle_installation_prerequisites

# switch to root
su root

# Automatic Setup package
yum install -y oracle-database-preinstall-19c

# verify installation
id oracle   # package will create a user oracle with different groups

Additional Configurations

# switch to root
su root

# create directory where the Oracle software will be installed
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
mkdir -p /u02/oradata

# Change ownership of directories to user oracle and group oinstall
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 /u02

# Change permission of directories
# owner and group can read, write, and execute.
# others can read and execute, but cannot write.
chmod -R 775 /u01 /u02

# disable firewall
# only for training. Don't in production.
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

# change pwd for user oracle
passwd oracle   #orcl_12345

# add oracle into vboxsf group
usermod -a -G vboxsf oracle
id oracle
# uid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),976(vboxsf),54322(dba),54323(oper),54324(backupdba),54325(dgdba),54326(kmdba),54330(racdba)

Configure Environment Variables

Note: bash_profile is a configuration file defines tasks that the shell executes for every user who logs in.
ORACLE_BASE:
- Specifies the base of the Oracle directory, /u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME:
- Specifies the directory containing the Oracle software , $ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID:
- Specifies the Oracle system identifier, orcl
- Note: ORACLE_SID is a unique name for an Oracle database instance on a specific host
ORACLE_UNQNAME:
- is an operating system environment variable that holds the database’s unique name value, orcl
In single instance database
- ORACLE_SID= instance name = ORACLE_UNQNAME = db_name

# Create a "scripts" directory.
mkdir /home/oracle/scripts

# Create an environment file called "setEnv.sh".
cat > /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh <<EOF
# Oracle Settings
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=\$TMP

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oracle9.localdomain
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=\$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
export ORA_INVENTORY=/u01/app/oraInventory
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PDB_NAME=pdb1
export DATA_DIR=/u02/oradata

export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:\$PATH
export PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/bin:\$PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=\$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:\$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
EOF

Add a reference to the “setEnv.sh” file at the end of the “/home/oracle/.bash_profile” file.

echo ". /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh" >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile

Create a “start_all.sh” and “stop_all.sh” script that can be called from a startup/shutdown service.
Make sure the ownership and permissions are correct.

cat > /home/oracle/scripts/start_all.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
. /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh

export ORAENV_ASK=NO
. oraenv
export ORAENV_ASK=YES

dbstart \$ORACLE_HOME
EOF


cat > /home/oracle/scripts/stop_all.sh <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
. /home/oracle/scripts/setEnv.sh

export ORAENV_ASK=NO
. oraenv
export ORAENV_ASK=YES

dbshut \$ORACLE_HOME
EOF

chown -R oracle:oinstall /home/oracle/scripts
chmod u+x /home/oracle/scripts/*.sh

Logout
Log in as user oracle

# verify
echo $ORACLE_HOME   # /u01/app/oracle/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1

vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile


export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=test.com
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.0.0/dbhome_1
export ORACLE_SID=orcl
export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib

Install

Download Oracle Database 19c zip file.
- Move zip file to $ORACLE_HOME path
- Unzip file: unzip <zip_file>
- At the $ORACLE_HOME directory, launch Oracle Universal Installer (OUI) to start setup: ./runInstaller

# configuration

# sys/sytem/pdbadmin pwd: QazWsx_12345#
# Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express URL: https://test.com:5500/em

# command to verify installation
sqlplus 

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