All technological notes.
media failure:
data filecontrol fileredo log fileTypical Causes
Possible Solutions

Recovery can have two kinds of scope:
Complete recovery:
Incomplete or point-in-time recovery (PITR):

incremental backups, archived redo log files, and online redo log files are applied as necessary.
redo log changes are applied to the data files until the current online log is reached and the most recent changes have been applied.rolling forward / cache recovery: Undo blocks are generated during this entire process.transaction recovery: The undo blocks are used to roll back any uncommitted changes.data files are now in a recovered state and are consistent with the other data files in the database.Incomplete recovery / database point-in-time recovery (DBPITR)
redo records generated after the most recent backup.Prerequisites:
data files made before the recovery pointarchived logs from the time of the backup until the specified time of recovery
data files from backup:
RMAN RESTORE command.RECOVER command:
redo from the archived redo log files, including as many as necessary to reach the restore point destination.ALTER DATABASE OPEN command:
Flashback DatabaseOracle Flashback Database is the most efficient alternative to DBPITR.Flashback:
data files to their contents at a pastDBPITR, including OPEN RESETLOGSRESETLOGS Optionarchive logs for target recovery SCNWorkflow:
RESETLOGS option.
database incarnation (new redo logs generated from this point of time) is automatically created to avoid confusion when two different redo streams have the same SCN, but occurred at different times.Note: Changes after the last applied archive log are lost.
archived log is missing, which contains transactions that occurred sometime between the time of the backup you are restoring from and the target recovery SCN: 缺失 archived log 时
data files during that period. 因为缺失 archive, 所以无法更新到恢复时点, 只能使用 PITR, 然后以 RESETLOGS 打开 db 来重置 scn.