Note_Tech

All technological notes.

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Linux - File System: File Editor

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• Linux - File System: File Editor
  • Linux File Editor
  • Nano Editor
  • VI Editor
    • Vi Mode
    • Command Mode
      • Navigation
      • Deleting Text
      • Changing/Replacing Text
      • Copying and Pasting
      • Undo / Redo
      • Searching
    • Insert Mode
      • Repeating Commands
    • Line Mode
      • Find and Replace

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• Linux - File System: File Editor
  • Linux File Editor
  • Nano Editor
  • VI Editor
    • Vi Mode
    • Command Mode
      • Navigation
      • Deleting Text
      • Changing/Replacing Text
      • Copying and Pasting
      • Undo / Redo
      • Searching
    • Insert Mode
      • Repeating Commands
    • Line Mode
      • Find and Replace

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Linux File Editor

• text editor

  • a program which enables to create and manipulate data(text) in a Linux file.

• Standard text editors:

CMD	Editor
vi	Visual editor, available in every distro
vim	Advance version of vi
ed	Standard line editor, available in Redhat
ex	Extended line editor , available in Redhat
emacs	A full screen editor
pico	Beginner’s editor

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Nano Editor

• Nano is a simple editor.
• Not advanced and vi or emacs.
• If nano isn’t available, look for pico.

Shortcut	Desc
^+g	Help
^+o	Save
^+c	Cancel
^+x	Exit

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VI Editor

• Has advanced and powerful features
• Not intuitive
• Harder to learn than nano
• Requires a time investment

Command	Desc
vi file	Edit file.
vim file	Same as vi, but more features.
view file	Starts vim in read-only mode.
vimtutor	Run vim tutor

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Vi Mode

Mode	Key
Command	Esc
Insert	i I a A
Line	:

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Command Mode

Navigation

Key	Desc
k	Up one line.
j	Down one line.
h	Left one character.
l	Right one character.
w	Right one word.
b	Left one word.
^	Go to the beginning of the line.
$	Go to the end of the line.
gg	Go to the first line
G	Go to the last line
:n	Go to line n

Deleting Text

Key	Desc
x	Delete a character.
dw	Delete a word.
dd	Delete a line.
D	Delete from the current position.

Changing/Replacing Text

Key	Desc
r	Replace the current character.
cw	Change the current word.
cc	Change the current line.
c$	Change the text from the current position.
C	Same as c$.
~	Reverses the case of a character.

Copying and Pasting

Key	Desc
yy	Yank (copy) the current line.
y<position>	Yank the position.
p	Paste after cursor
P	Paste before cursor

Undo / Redo

Key	Desc
u	Undo
Ctrl-R	Redo

Searching

Key	Desc
/<pattern>	Start a forward search.
?<pattern>	Start a reverse search.
n	go to the next match
N	go to the previous match

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Insert Mode

• Key to enter insert mode
• ECS to escape to command mode

Key	Desc
i	Insert at the cursor position.
I	Insert at the beginning of the line.
a	Append after the cursor position.
A	Append at the end of the line.
o	Open a new line below the current line
O	Open a new line above the current line

Repeating Commands

• Repeat a command by preceding it with a number.

  • 5k = Move up a line 5 times
  • 80i<Text><ESC> = Insert <Text> 80 times
  • 80i*<Esc> = Insert 80 “*” characters

Key	Desc
{num}{command}	Repeat command {num} times
.	Repeat previous change

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Line Mode

• : to enter line mode
• ECS to escape to command mode

Key	Desc
:w	Writes (saves) the file.
:w file2	Writes (saves) into a new file
:w!	Forces the file to be saved.
:q	Quit.
:q!	Quit without saving changes.
:wq!	Write and quit.
shift + zz	Save and quit
:x	Same as :wq.
:n	Positions the cursor at line n.
:$	Positions the cursor on the last line.
:set nu	Turn on line numbering.
:set nonu	Turn off line numbering.
:help [subcommand]	Get help.

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Find and Replace

Key	Desc
:s/{old}/{new}/{options}	Substitute {new} for {old} on the current line
:%s/{old}/{new}/{options}	Substitute {new} for {old} in the entire document

• The g option substitutes all occurrences on a line, otherwise just the first occurrence is changed per line.

• example

# search and replace all occurrences on a single line
:s/old_string/new_string/g

# search and replace all occurrences on a single line, ignoring case
:s/old_string/new_string/gi

# search and replace all occurrences access all the content in the file
:%s/old_string/new_string/g
# case-insensitive
:%s/old_string/new_string/gi
# with confirmation
:%s/old_string/new_string/gic

# Within Specific Lines
:start_line_number, end_line_number s/<search_term>/<replace_term>/g
# example: for the first line
:0, 1 s/vim/baeldung/gi
# or for 2nd line
:s/article/tutorial/g 2
# example: for the current line to the last
:.,$s/article/tutorial/g

# search for whole word
# example: only replace "cover" but not "covering"
:s/\<cover\>/go through/gi

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## Graphical Editors

| Editor  | Desc                                 |
| ------- | ------------------------------------ |
| `gedit` | The default text editor for Gnome.   |
| `emacs` | Emacs has a graphical mode too.      |
| `gvim`  | The graphical version of vim.        |
| `kedit` | The default text editor for the KDE. |

- Redhat 自带：gedit

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