Note_Tech

All technological notes.

---

Project maintained by simonangel-fong Hosted on GitHub Pages — Theme by mattgraham

Linux - Network: STFP

Back

• Linux - Network: STFP
  • SFTP Protocol
    • FTP vs SFTP
  • Package and Commands
  • Lab: Upload and download file using STFP

---

SFTP Protocol

• SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol)

  • a secure way to transfer files over a network, integrated with the SSH (Secure Shell) protocol.
  • Unlike traditional FTP, SFTP encrypts both the commands and the data, ensuring security during file transfer.

• default port: 22

• Features

  • Based on SSH:
    • SFTP operates over SSH, using the same port 22.
  • Encrypted Communication:
    • Provides confidentiality and data integrity through encryption.
  • Secure File Management:
    • Allows file transfers, directory listing, and file manipulations securely.
  • Single Connection:
    • Unlike FTP, SFTP uses only one connection for commands and data transfer.

---

FTP vs SFTP

Feature	FTP	SFTP
Protocol	Unencrypted (TCP)	Encrypted (over SSH)
Default Port	21	22
Security	No encryption	Encrypted commands and data
Connection	Multiple connections	Single connection (over SSH)

---

Package and Commands

• Package: openssh

• Session Commands

Command	Desc
sftp	Start a sftp session to a local session.
sftp host	Start a sftp session.
sftp username@remote_host	Start a sftp session with username.
sftp -P port username@remote_host	Specify the SSH port
sftp -i identity_file username@remote_host	Specify a private key file for authentication
sftp -o option=value username@remote_host	Pass SSH options
sftp -b batchfile username@remote_host	Use a batch file for non-interactive file transfers.
sftp -C username@remote_host	Enable compression for faster transfer of large files.
exit/bye	Exit the SFTP session.

• Local Command

Command	Description
lpwd	Display the current working directory on the local machine.
lls /local/dir	List files in the current directory on the local machine.
lcd /local/dir	Change the working directory on the local machine.
lmkdir dir_name	Create new directory on the local machine.
!	Switch back to local terminal, coming back to session by exit
!command	Execute a shell command on the local machine (e.g., !clear).

• Remote Commands

Command	Description
pwd	Display the current working directory on the remote server.
ls	List files on the remote server.
cd	Change directory on the remote server.
mkdir dir_name	Create a directory on the remote server.
rmdir dir_name	Remove a directory on the remote server.
rename remote_file	Rename a file on the remote server.
rm file_name	Delete a file on the remote server.

• Transfer Commands

Command	Description
put local_file	Upload a file to the remote server.
put /local/file /remote/dir/	Upload a file from the local machine to the remote server.
mput /local/* /remote/dir/	Upload multiple files to the remote server (use wildcards).
get remote_file	Download a file from the remote server.
get /remote/file /local/dir/	Download a file from the remote server to the local machine.
mget /remote/* /local/dir/	Download multiple files from the remote server (use wildcards, e.g., *.txt).

---

Lab: Upload and download file using STFP

# create a sftp session with remote instance
sftp rheladmin@192.168.204.153
# rheladmin@192.168.204.153's password:
# Connected to 192.168.204.153.

# Navigate locally
lmkdir client_dir
lcd client_dir
lpwd
# Local working directory: /home/rheladmin/client_dir
lls
# sftp_file

# create a local file
!touch sftp_file
!echo "this is client file" > sftp_file
!cat sftp_file
# this is client file

# Navigate remotely
mkdir server_dir
cd server_dir
pwd
# Remote working directory: /home/rheladmin/server_dir
ls

# upload file to remote
put sftp_file
# Uploading sftp_file to /home/rheladmin/server_dir/sftp_file
# sftp_file                                     100%   20     7.7KB/s   00:00

# confirm
ls
# server_file

# rename file
rename sftp_file server_file
ls
# server_file

# download file
get server_file
# get server_file
# Fetching /home/rheladmin/server_dir/server_file to server_file
# /home/rheladmin/server_dir/server_file        100%   20     5.0KB/s   00:00

# confirm
lls
# server_file  sftp_file

# exit session
exit

---

TOP